I think Argos in some way represents Odysseus or his reputation because Argos used to be an energetic hound, fast and strong, when his master was there with him. However, as Odysseus leaves him and goes to Troy, he becomes powerless, just like Odysseus’ declining reputation. The more Argos loses power, the more Odysseus loses reputation as a king. People in Ithaca might have treated Argos very well when his master was there, but they became careless after he is left behind.
Argos wagging his tail when he sees his master shows that Odysseus will regain his reputation. For a little while, Argos takes his vigor back, feeling happy and relieved due to his master's return. As Argos finally sees his master coming back, he rests in peace. To me, it feels like that Odysseus' old reputation dies at that point when Argos dies and is restarted as soon as he passes by his poor little dog for revenge.
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